Electric Vehicles challenges and solutions in India 

Have you ever noticed how much your petrol and diesel vehicles are polluting the environment? If yes, then there are environmentally friendly initiative “Electric vehicles” taken by our Government of India. It’s the best and safer mode that can be switched from older vehicles (petrol/diesel) to electric benefiting to the EV industry and the environment.

Electric Vehicles challenges and solutions in India 

We have seen many companies and startups opting for electric vehicles, more commonly the app-based transportation company Ola functioning to bring up the electric cars in the next two decades. The automotive industry big players such as Tata Motors, Bajaj Auto, TVS, MG Motor India, Ather Energy, etc have already stepped into the industry launched their EVs and are constantly developing the EVs experience for their consumers. The startups are also ready with their EV innovations to launch in the coming years.

In India, we can find many electric cars, scooters, buses, motorcycles, bicycles and rickshaws from Mahindra, Tata Motors, MG Motor, TVS, Ashok Leyland, etc, are fully electric and functional.

Indian electric market growth rate has been increasing as the government is encouraging the markets by providing the scheme ‘National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020 in 2013. However, due to COVID-19, the growth has been come down but many of the EV manufacturers have the confidence that it will soon pick up by the end of 2020.

The shift to electric vehicles had made the automobile industry to immense economic growth, 25Mn vehicles were produced in the year 2017, which includes two-wheelers and three-wheelers resulting in contributing to the pollution-free environment. 

70% of pollution is produced by metropolitan cities in which two-third is produced by two-wheelers alone which causes harmful effects to human bodies and leads to various diseases such as Lung cancer, Asthama etc.

EVs needs for India

• The demand for energy and transport has been increased in urban.
• The advanced battery technology leads to a higher amount of energy densities, fast charging, and reduction in battery degradation.
• High amounts of oil imports in the country ensures energy security using alternate energy sources.
• Public transportations like buses and autorickshaws need to be transformed to e-vehicles as half of the population uses it in India.

Opportunities

It helps the environment to be unpolluted by the dangerous gases produced by the vehicles. It gives an eco-friendly opportunity to the consumers and the industrialists.

Carbon emissions can be reduced by slowing down the climate change resulting in reduce the Air-Pollution related deaths by switching the electric vehicles and can bring a global warming. With Air-pollution, Noise pollution can also be stopped as it tends to be more silent than other vehicles.

EVs challenges in India

• Creating an EV charging infrastructure
• Lack of skilled workers
• Lack of local reserves such as lithium-ion and cobalt
• High-cost battery
• Competition with other ICE vehicles

In India, we have a lack of charging infrastructure which is challenging the growth of the EV industry. But there are many company’s individually and jointly is planning to build the EV infrastructure in India. 

Recently, Tata AutoComp Systems tied up with the US-based Tellus Power Green to set up electric vehicle charging stations in the country. Both the companies have signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to supply AC and DC fast chargers for two-wheelers, three-wheelers, passenger and commercial vehicles.

The Ministry of Power (MoP) has issued an amendment to its guidelines and standards for the charging infrastructure of electric vehicles (EVs). In December 2018 the guidelines were issued by the Ministry and were revised in October 2019. Now it has amended the tariff for the supply of electricity to the EV public charging stations should not be more than 15% of the average cost of supply of power.

Some initiatives were also taken by the educational institutions to develop the skills in the EV technology. EVs courses are added in the syllabus and EV experts and industry experts are teaching the skills to the students. 

Recently, the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati has introduced a new programme, MS (Research) in e-mobility and it is only available in IIT. The programme is jointly offered by the Departments of Electronics and Electrical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering from the coming academic year.

The course syllabus will cover the topics such as E-mobility, Electric and Hybrid Vehicles; Modelling, Dynamics and Control of EVs; and, Energy Storage and Conversion, informs the IIT and also the laboratory and theory courses. Not only this there are many such initiatives happening all over India. 

India is slowly and steadily finding each and every solution in setting up or building the EV Industry. But we need to wait patiently for more four to five years to see the EV industry growth to fully. 

Electric vehicles are eco-friendly, but it has some challenges to be deal with. However, if such initiatives are encouraged soon we will be a cleaner and greener country. 

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